Using microwave pulses to plug leaks in quantum computers makes them more reliable

 

Scientists have developed a new approach to correcting common quantum computing errors, which could pave the way for more reliable systems.

The fundamental units of information in these systems (qubits) are incredibly delicate. Unlike the bits of conventional computers, which have only two values (0 or 1), quantum bits can exist in a combination of states simultaneously, but this property makes them prone to errors such as leakage. This is where a qubit suddenly jumps to a higher energy level, moving out of its operational state, which stops it from being part of the calculation. It also interferes with the other qubits around it.

In a new study published in Physical Review Letters, scientists have revealed a way to plug these leaks before they accumulate and crash the system.

One of the most common ways to deal with errors in quantum computers is with a process called Quantum Error Correction (QEC). However, some QEC operations and the hardware itself can also introduce leakage. Another approach is to shift a qubit's frequency, but this requires additional hardware that is difficult and complex to scale up.

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