Electronic mechanical braking system executive mechanism design, calculation, and modeling based on dynamic control

 Introduction: As science and technology develop, automobiles are moving toward intelligence and electrification and need better braking systems.

Methods: To improve the braking system’s response speed and braking effect, a longitudinal dynamics control system for automobiles based on the electronic mechanical braking system was proposed, and the electronic mechanical braking system was improved through automatic disturbance rejection control.

Results: The experimental results show that the time required for achieving the target clamping force in the electronic mechanical braking system using self-disturbance rejection control and proportional integral differential control is only 0.01 s, but there is an issue of excessive control in the proportional integral differential system between 0.12 s and 0.2 s, while the self-disturbance rejection controller does not have this problem. Meanwhile, regardless of the interference applied, the electronic mechanical braking system with automatic disturbance rejection control can ensure that the clamping force does not fluctuate. In the joint simulation experiment, the expected acceleration and actual acceleration can remain consistent, and if the expected braking force is 9000 N, then the actual braking force of the electronic mechanical brake (EMB) is also 9000 N.

Discussion: The above results indicate that the vehicle longitudinal dynamics control system using the electronic mechanical braking system not only responds fast but also has a good braking effect, avoiding the problem of excessive control and improving the driving experience.

 Introduction

           Over more than 100 years since the official birth of the first car in 1886, related automobile technologies have been fully developed and matured. With the breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, new energy, and other technologies, cars have gradually developed towards intelligence and electrification. In this trend, the braking system of automobiles needs to meet the requirements of energy recovery and active braking for the safety and energy-saving of electric vehicles. However, although the commonly used hydraulic braking system has a relatively sensitive response and good follow-up, it is laborious to operate, provides limited braking torque, and does not satisfy the new requirements (Huang et al., 2019; Jing and He, 2019). In addition, the traditional hydraulic brake control method has not been able to eliminate the vibration phenomenon that often occurs in the vehicle under braking conditions, which has an adverse effect on the control accuracy of the system. The wire-controlled braking system abandons all or part of the traditional hydraulic pipelines with fast response speed and high control accuracy, becoming a new research direction for braking systems. The wire-controlled brake system includes electronic hydraulic brake (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake (EMB) systems. EMBs eliminate all hydraulic components, thereby reducing response delay and improving the accuracy of brake pressure control. At the same time, the EMB system can also achieve energy recovery (Wu et al., 2019; Weng et al., 2021). However, in the EMB system, traditional proportional integral differential (PID) controllers are prone to external interference, resulting in reduced braking control effectiveness. Therefore, in order to improve the anti-interference ability of EMBs and compensate for the brake pressure change caused by the system vibration, the active interference inhibition control (ADRC) is introduced in the EMB system and applied to the longitudinal dynamics control of the vehicle to eliminate the vibration problem causing the braking torque change (BTV) and realize accurate and fast braking control.

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